What's wrong with perineal laceration? Two points to pay attention to when suturing patients with lacerations

Perineal laceration is a type of birth injury that occurs during childbirth in women, especially after the occurrence of laceration, attention must be paid to the methods of treatment and care.

What is a perineal laceration?

Perineal laceration refers to the compression of the vaginal opening and surrounding tissues during the continuous descent of the fetal head during childbirth, which can cause local swelling and thinning. If the perineum is not properly protected, it may be torn. Some pregnant women may have a tear that extends to the anus due to the fetus being too large.

Perineal laceration can be divided into four degrees, with 1-2 degrees being mild laceration. If it is not very severe, no treatment is needed. If bleeding occurs, effective treatment is necessary to prevent wound infection. 3-4 degrees is a severe perineal laceration that requires suturing after the mother has delivered the placenta.

Severe perineal laceration, if not treated promptly and effectively, can cause various complications, most commonly leading to inflammation of the perineal and sacrococcygeal skin. Some postpartum women have redness, swelling, ulceration of the perineal skin, infection of the urethral and vaginal opening, and perineal laceration, which also have an impact on postpartum sexual activity.

In order to prevent severe perineal laceration during delivery, doctors observe the delivery process, accurately estimate the size of the fetus, and understand the position and exposed area of the fetus. If the delivery speed of the mother is found to be too fast or delayed during the delivery process, the doctor will perform a lateral perineal incision on the mother to avoid laceration. If the mother has already developed a laceration, the doctor will handle it according to the degree of the laceration. If the laceration is severe, suturing will be performed.

Perineal laceration grading

1 degree perineal laceration: Mild perineal laceration, perineal epidermal surgery, seamless self recovery, common in second delivery mothers.

Degree 2 perineal laceration: moderate perineal laceration, the depth of laceration reaches subcutaneous soft tissue and muscle, but does not damage the anal muscles. This is the grading of lacerations that many mothers experience, which can be easily repaired without leaving any sequelae.

Degree 3 perineal laceration: severe perineal laceration, subcutaneous soft tissue injury, anal sphincter rupture, and untimely suture may cause postpartum infection.

Degree 4 perineal laceration: severe perineal laceration, mainly characterized by laceration of anal sphincter and rectal mucosa.

Suture of perineal laceration

1. Key points during surgery