What are the methods for male urethral infections? Patients with urinary tract infections must strengthen self-protection

Urethral infection is generally divided into upper Urinary tract infection and lower Urinary tract infection. The methods of bacterial invasion are divided into bloody infection, ascending infection, and descending infection. Most women have ascending infections because their urethra is straight and short, and bacteria can easily ascend to the bladder to cause infection. In addition, the external opening of female urethra is close to the Vaginal orifice and anus, which is easy to be contaminated by feces and bacteria excreted in the open channel. In addition, the complete bladder discharge capacity of elderly women is reduced, and bacteria are prone to reproduce in residual urine. It is common clinically that lower urinary tract infection is Cystitis, which is a common and frequently occurring disease in elderly women. Its incidence rate is 8-10 times higher than that of men. Prevention is very important.

Several pathways of male urethral infection

It is generally believed that there are four pathways of urinary tract infection: ascending infection, hematogenous infection, lymphatic infection, and direct infection.

(1) Upward infection: Most urinary infections are caused by upward infection. Under normal circumstances, bacteria parasitize the urethral opening and its surroundings, but generally do not cause infection. When the body's resistance decreases or there is slight damage to the urethral mucosa, or when bacteria are highly toxic and have a strong ability to adhere to the urethral mucosa and ascend, they can easily invade the bladder and kidneys, causing infection. Due to the proximity of the female urethral opening to the anus and the fact that the female urethral opening is much shorter and wider than the male urethral opening, female infants' urethral opening is often contaminated by feces, making it more susceptible to disease.

(2) Hematological infection: bacteria invade the blood stream from the infection focus in the body (such as Tonsillitis, Sinusitis, dental caries or Skin infection), reach the kidney, first cause multiple small abscesses in the Renal cortex, and then spread down the renal tubules to the renal papilla, calyces, and pelvis mucosa, but inflammation can also start from the papillary collecting tube with slight damage at the renal papilla (such as crystal damage in urine), and then spread upward and downward. The route of bloodstream infection is relatively rare, less than 10%. Hematological infection is more common in neonates or in patients with Staphylococcus aureus sepsis.

(3) Lymphatic infection: there are many communicating branches between the Lymphatic vessel of the lower abdomen and pelvic organs and the Lymphatic vessel around the kidney, and there are also Lymphatic vessel between the colon and the right kidney. When pelvic organ inflammation, Appendicitis and colitis, bacteria can also infect the kidney from the lymphatic system. This route of infection is even rarer, and there is currently debate over whether it exists.