Clinical statistics show that 100 to 150 people per million population experience chronic kidney failure annually, indicating the harm this disease poses to human health and life. The progression of this disease is slow, but its course is generally irreversible, and its treatment lasts for a lifetime. Therefore, patients are often not hospitalized for treatment, but should frequently go to the hospital for examination and receive necessary self-care at home. Therefore, patients need to understand some knowledge about life care for chronic kidney failure, strengthen their self-care and healthcare capabilities, in order to delay the progression of the disease and improve their quality of life.
Firstly, closely observe the condition and conduct regular follow-up visits
Chronic renal failure is a gradually developing process, and at a certain stage of the disease, renal function may undergo rapid changes. If you go to the hospital in a timely manner, it often has a certain degree of treatability. It can often be reflected through some subtle changes. Patients and their families should closely observe the changes in their condition in daily life, regularly visit the hospital for follow-up visits, check urine routine, blood creatinine, urea nitrogen, electrolytes, and other items, reduce or avoid the occurrence of some risk factors, effectively protect the patient's residual kidney function, and ensure long-term stability of the condition of chronic kidney failure patients.
① Urine observation Record the number of urination times and urine volume in 24h, observe the color of urine, whether there is hematuria or foam urine. The color of normal urine can vary in depth depending on drinking water, sweating, and activity levels, generally ranging from light yellow to deep amber. Eating carrots or taking medications such as vitamin B2 can darken the color of urine. The content of protein in urine increases, and a layer of tiny foam can be found on the surface of discharged urine. Careful observation of changes in urine color can provide some physiological information.
② Controlling blood pressure Hypertension has great damage to human heart, cerebrovascular, kidney and fundus. Most patients with chronic renal failure have different degrees of hypertension, which is mainly divided into volume dependent hypertension and renin dependent hypertension. The former occurs due to retention of water and sodium, Restricting water and sodium intake or increasing water and sodium excretion can improve: the latter is often caused by the activation of the renin angiotensin aldosterone system or a decrease in the activity of vasodilators in the body. The use of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and calcium channel blockers can cause a decrease in blood pressure. Pay attention to symptoms such as headaches, dizziness, insomnia, and memory loss. Measure blood pressure regularly every day to maintain blood pressure close to normal levels and prevent further damage to organs. Do not add or discontinue medication at will.
Secondly, avoid using drugs that are harmful to the kidneys
The kidney is the main excretory organ of the human body, and many drugs are excreted through the kidney. When chronic renal failure occurs, drugs will be retained in the body, increasing side effects, causing toxic effects on the kidney or inducing immune reactions and aggravating kidney damage. If it is necessary to use therapeutic drugs excreted through the kidney, the dose should be adjusted according to the renal function. Therefore, patients should avoid using drugs indiscriminately through hearsay, which can worsen their condition.
This time, take effective rest and avoid prolonged standing and vigorous exercise
Kidney function has decreased to less than 30%, and daily life can also be carried out, which is half the level of healthy people, but they cannot stand for long periods of time or engage in excessive labor. Some patients with stable conditions and good physical condition can engage in half day light work. Kidney work is rhythmic, with daytime workload centered around active mornings and noon, and gradually reducing workload in the afternoon. After kidney function exceeds 80%, people enter a resting state. Avoid oversaturating dinner and staying up late to maintain sufficient sleep.
Finally, maintain a positive mood
Maintaining a good psychological state, a happy mood, and paying attention to the combination of work and rest are beneficial for the treatment of chronic kidney failure. Because the treatment of chronic kidney failure is a long-term process, some patients with weak willpower may experience nervousness, depression, fear, and anxiety. They may not cooperate with the treatment, refuse to take medication, and even have the idea of suicide. These negative emotions can directly affect the patient's ability to resist diseases and treatment effectiveness.
Medical research tells people that after the age of 40, about 1% of the glomeruli develop sclerosis every year. Therefore, starting from the age of 40, it is not advisable to eat a high protein diet, prevent overwork, prevent various infections, carefully use nephrotoxic drugs, and regularly undergo necessary kidney examinations, which is beneficial for early detection and timely treatment. We need to pay attention to three-level prevention. Primary prevention refers to the prevention before the occurrence of chronic renal failure. Its contents include the treatment of kidney disease A - examination A - treatment, active treatment of hypertension, diabetes and other diseases that can affect the kidney, and disease control. Secondary prevention refers to the timely treatment of chronic renal failure in the early and middle stages, which can help delay the progress of chronic renal failure and prevent the occurrence of uremia. Third prevention refers to the timely treatment of patients with uremia in the early and middle stages, Improve the quality of life of patients.