Post Date August, 26 2023
Perineal tear is an abnormal condition in women, mainly occurring during childbirth. We must pay full attention to it and try to adopt reasonable methods to avoid it during childbirth.
Etiology of perineal tear
1. General delivery: During the observation of the delivery process, correctly estimate the size of the fetus, understand the position and exposed area of the fetus, and prevent urgent delivery. If you do not pay attention to protecting the perineum, it may tear.
2. Assisted Fertility: Pregnant women with narrow exit in the occipital posterior position must undergo large lateral incisions during assisted reproductive forceps, and if necessary, bilateral incisions can be performed to protect the perineum. Otherwise, it's easy to tear.
The hazards of perineal laceration
The puerpera may suffer from perineal laceration due to childbirth, uterine prolapse, anal Sphincter and rectal laceration, and finally Fecal incontinence and other symptoms. The harm is significant.
What is perineal tear related to
1. Maternal physical factors
(1) Maternal age. If it is a Advanced maternal age who is over 35 years old and gives birth for the first time, because the perineum is not elastic enough and the pelvic activity is small, the perineum body can not expand freely during delivery, resulting in laceration. On the contrary, postpartum women have young reproductive age, incomplete development of the external genitalia, fewer wrinkles, and are also likely to experience perineal laceration during fetal head childbirth.
2. Maternal pelvic factors. The posterior triangle area of the pelvic outlet is an important level during childbirth. Maternal pelvic dysplasia, narrow outlet, narrow pubic arch, overload pressure, and difficulty in stretching can cause perineal laceration.
3. The postpartum vagina is severe. If the parturient has gynaecological inflammation such as Vaginitis and Vulvitis, some member organizations are relatively weak, and it is easy to congest during delivery. When the fetus is delivered to the Vaginal orifice, it is easy to tear the perineum.
2. Other factors
(1) Production lag. This situation often occurs in primiparous women who lack reproductive experience. Due to the frequent occurrence of nervous tension, dysfunction of the cerebral cortex, and physical exhaustion during childbirth, the fetus may compress the soft birth canal for too long, resulting in a series of phenomena such as edema, congestion, and necrosis. During childbirth, the local tissue is not strong enough to cause perineal laceration.
(2) Abnormal fetal position. Maternal fetal position is abnormal, Uterine contraction is weak when the head and pelvis do not deliver, the fetus first exposes weakness, and the labor process is prolonged and stagnated. At this point, the fetus is first exposed and compressed for a long time, causing swelling and necrosis of the birth canal. During the production process, fragile local tissues may experience vaginal laceration.
