Post Date April, 15 2023
Cholesterol
High cholesterol has no obvious symptoms, but it must be highly valued. In case of one of the following conditions, the examination shall be carried out before the age of 20: smoking, obesity, heart disease, diabetes or hypertension, and one of the immediate family members has had heart disease before the age of 50 and 60 respectively.
【 Suggestion 】 Check for cholesterol once a year.
Blood pressure
Dizziness, nausea, and early headache are all symptoms of high blood pressure. High blood pressure can lead to stroke, heart disease, kidney disease, eye disease, and heart failure.
【 Suggestion 】 Generally, blood pressure should be measured once a year. If hypertension is detected, blood pressure should be measured twice a day. In addition, those who have a family history of hypertension, high work pressure, love drinking and smoking, it is best to have their own sphygmomanometer and often measure their blood pressure.
Blood sugar
The typical symptoms of diabetes are "more than three and less": polyuria, polydipsia, overeating and emaciation (weight loss). Diabetes can cause heart, eyes, feet, kidneys, nerves and other organ diseases.
【 Suggestion 】 Under normal circumstances, check blood sugar once a year. In case of typical symptoms of diabetes, seek medical advice immediately.
Genitalia
If testicular enlargement, internal mass, and testicular pain occur, it should be diagnosed with testicular cancer. It is best to go to the hospital for blood, urine, and other related tests.
【 Suggestion 】 Self check the testicles once a month. If abnormal lumps or sagging pain are found in the testicles, seek medical attention immediately.
Eyes
Eye diseases mainly include myopia, hyperopia, amblyopia, astigmatism, glaucoma, cataract, presbyopia, diabetes retinopathy, etc. Generally, high attention should be paid to the following situations: decreased vision, blurred vision, eye fatigue, pain, dryness, fear of light, and sometimes accompanied by headaches or nausea.
【 Suggestion 】 Generally, check your eyes every two years. Men with a family history of diabetes, hypertension or eye disease should have their eyes checked at least once a year. People who wear glasses or contact lenses need to have their eyes checked regularly.
Teeth
Common dental diseases include: dental caries, gingivitis, periodontitis, pulpitis, dental calculus, etc. Symptoms include: toothache, loose teeth, gum bleeding, acid heat allergies, bad breath in the mouth, and difficulty chewing.
【 Suggestion 】 Have your teeth checked at least once every six months.
Backache
Back pain and discomfort, in addition to muscle or ligament injuries, may also be a symptom of visceral lesions.
【 Suggestion 】 Patients with inexplicable back pain should seek medical attention in a timely manner, and if necessary, blood and urine tests should be conducted to identify the true cause.
Sexually transmitted diseases
Gonorrhea, syphilis, chlamydia, and HIV are common sexually transmitted diseases. Common symptoms include frequent urination, urgency, painful urination, and abnormal penile secretions. Examinations usually include penile examination, blood test, and urine test.
【 Suggestion 】 Generally, it is best for men to check once a year. However, if the above symptoms occur, seek medical attention immediately. Additionally, if you have multiple sexual partners at the same time, it is best to check them out several times a year.
Self examination methods for male reproductive health
Genital organ disease is undoubtedly the most troublesome thing for men. Although regular medical examinations at the hospital are a good way to cope, who is willing to go to the urology department or urology department again and again due to face saving. Fortunately, men's "lifelines" (penis and testicles) protrude outside the body cavity, which provides them with convenience for self-examination. By taking a glance or touching while taking a shower or changing clothes, one may discover any abnormalities. Going to the hospital for treatment at this time will save you the trouble of commuting back and forth.
When self checking the penis, the first step is to see if there are any foreign objects growing on its surface, such as ulcers, blisters, swelling, lumps, etc; Then touch the glans to see if it is smooth; Touch the penis to feel if there is any induration. In addition, it is necessary to regularly open the foreskin and observe whether the junction between the penis and glans is clean and whether there is dirt. If there is dirt, it needs to be cleaned thoroughly.
When self checking the testicles, the first thing to pay attention to is the size of the testicles. The volume of adult testicles should be above 8 milliliters, while the average testicular size of Chinese people is 12 milliliters. If the testicles of an adult are less than 8 milliliters, it is possible that the testicles are atrophic. When a boy is 10 years old, the testicular volume should generally reach 4 milliliters, and less than 4 milliliters should be considered abnormal.
Next, the testicles need to be examined using the touch method. The normal state of the testicles should be smooth on the surface, full in texture, without tenderness, and clearly demarcated from the epididymis. If testicular enlargement is found in the short term and there is no tenderness, it may be testicular cancer; If there is pain in the testicles under touch, it indicates inflammation in the testicles; If the scrotum enlarges and the testicles and epididymis cannot be touched, it is possible that there is fluid accumulation in the scrotum, which means there is fluid accumulation in the scrotum; If there is pain or swelling in the epididymis, it indicates that there is a lesion in the epididymis.
In addition, if there is a feeling of swelling or pain in the scrotum or testicles, it can worsen during prolonged standing and long-distance walking; When lying flat, the symptoms may alleviate or disappear, which may be varicocele. A typical varicocele can show twisted and dilated veins beneath the scrotal skin; When touching with your hand, you can feel the dilated blood vessels in the shape of a worm. Primary varicocele can shrink or disappear when lying flat. If the symptoms do not improve while lying flat, it may be due to compression of tumors and other lesions. Once the above symptoms appear, it is best to go to the hospital for diagnosis and treatment as soon as possible.
Men need to carefully check when going to the hospital for examination
(1) Avoid abandoning inspection items at will
The examination items set in the physical examination form include basic items that reflect physical health status, as well as some special examination items for malignant and common diseases. Some tests have special significance for early detection of diseases. The detection of rectal masses is particularly important for patients over 40 years old, such as anal digital examination. Some examinees voluntarily give up the examination due to fear of trouble or shyness. If the examinee really has lesions, they naturally lose the best opportunity for treatment, and the consequences are self-evident.
(2) Avoid hastily stopping medication before physical examination
Blood collection requires fasting, but medication for chronic disease patients should be treated differently. If hypertensive patients take antihypertensive drugs every morning, it is necessary to maintain stable blood pressure. hastily stopping or delaying medication can cause a sudden increase in blood pressure and pose a risk. After taking conventional medication, blood pressure can be measured again, and the physical examination doctor can also evaluate the current blood pressure reduction plan. The impact of taking a small amount of antihypertensive drugs on the assay is mild and can be ignored. So hypertensive patients should undergo a physical examination after taking antihypertensive drugs. For patients with diabetes or other chronic diseases, they should also take medicine in time after blood collection, and should not interfere with routine treatment due to physical examination.
(3) Avoid taking blood too late
Physical examination and testing require fasting blood to be collected from 7:30 to 8:30 in the morning, and should not exceed 9:00 at the latest. Too late, due to the influence of physiological endocrine hormones in the body, blood sugar levels are distorted (although still on an empty stomach). So the subject should take blood as soon as possible and not easily miss the time.
(4) Avoid ignoring important medical history statements
Medical history, especially the history of important diseases, is an important reference for medical examination doctors to determine the health status of the subject. Based on this, intervention measures are formulated, which have an extremely important impact on the prognosis of the disease. Some examinees have a mentality of "assessing" the level of medical examination doctors, believing that diseases can only be detected through examination, not through speaking out. Little did they know that doing so often backfired. For example, before providing treatment guidance to hypertensive patients, it is necessary to understand the onset time, treatment process, medication status, and other key issues of their hypertension in order to provide targeted further treatment suggestions, including increasing or decreasing medication doses, adjusting medication varieties, etc., in order to achieve the best treatment effect. If the subject cannot remember the name of the medication they are taking at home, they can bring the medication box for identification. Medical history statements should strive to be objective and accurate, and important diseases should not be overlooked.
(5) Do not underestimate the conclusion of physical examination
The conclusion of physical examination is a summary and summary of the health status of the subject. It is a health prescription issued by doctors based on the results of various medical examinations and comprehensive analysis. It has important guiding significance for correcting bad habits, preventing and treating diseases. Some examinees attach great importance to the physical examination process, but neglect the conclusion of the examination, fail to carefully read and implement it, making the health examination meaningless.
(Intern Editor: Lai Jiaxing)
