What should the diet of patients with urinary system stones pay attention to? What principles should be followed in patients' daily drinking water

Diet precautions for patients with urinary system stones

1. Drink more water. It is recommended that the daily liquid intake be more than 2.5~3.0L. Don't drink too much caffeine, black tea, grape juice and cola. It is recommended to drink more orange juice, sour juice and lemonade.

2. Patients can adjust their diet according to the analysis of stone composition. Patients with calcium oxalate stones, especially those with hyperoxaluria, should avoid eating spinach, almonds, peanuts, celery, black tea and other foods. Spinach has the highest oxalic acid content. Patients with recurrent calcium oxalate stones should avoid taking a large amount of vitamin C. Uric acid stones should be limited to pudding diet (animal viscera, etc.) and alkaline urine. Don't take too much vitamin D and reduce protein intake, including meat, fish and chicken; Reduce salt intake and eat less foods with high salt content. Potassium citrate has been used as a single drug in the treatment of distal renal tubular acidosis, low citrate uric calcium oxalate stones and uric acid stones with or without calcium containing stones. It has been used in clinical practice for 20 years and has a preventive effect on all types of urinary stones.

The important and simple treatment for urinary stone is to drink as much water as possible. No matter what type of stone, it can increase the intake of water, so that the stone can be easily discharged and the recurrence rate after stone removal can be reduced.

Pay attention to the following principles when drinking water:

1. Drinking water volume: generally, the daily drinking water volume is at least 2000ml, which can prevent the recurrence of stones. The main purpose is to arrange the water volume. The effect will not be effective until the daily drinking water volume reaches 4000ml.

2. Water quality: generally, the quality of water may have a certain impact on the incidence of stones. In the past, it was believed that the greater the hardness of water, the more likely it is to lead to the formation of stones. The current research results in the world believe that, on the contrary, the higher the hardness of water, the more various minerals, the easier it is to combine calcium to form insoluble substances, thus reducing its absorption in the intestine. The water is rich in magnesium and other trace elements, and is a good stone inhibitor.

3. Drinking time: In order to better prevent and cure stones, we should pay attention to the time of drinking water. It is generally believed that stones are easy to form at night. Increasing the amount of drinking water at night has a good effect. Generally, drinking more than 500ml before bedtime will have better prevention and treatment effect. Drink water properly and evenly during the day. There is a large amount of urine to wash the urinary tract every hour, which can timely discharge the newly formed small stones, calcium ions, uric acid and other substances conducive to the formation of stones to prevent stones. In 1-2 hours after eating, due to the peak of absorption, a large number of metabolites are filtered by the kidney. The amount of drinking water should be increased to help discharge the metabolites and play a role in preventing stones.

4. Selection of daily water: generally only ordinary hot water is needed, and mineral water has no special requirements.