Post Date July, 18 2023
AIDS patients and HIV carriers. HIV exists in body fluids and organ tissues of infected persons. The infected person's blood, semen, vaginal secretions, milk and wound exudate contain a large amount of HIV, which is highly infectious. The virus is rarely present and has no blood or inflammatory exudate.
Transmission route:
1. Sexual contact transmission
Sexual contact transmission HIV exists in semen and vaginal secretions of infected persons, and is transmitted between men and women through sexual intercourse (including normal sexual intercourse, anal intercourse and oral intercourse). Nine out of every 10 adults infected with HIV in the world are transmitted through sexual intercourse. The more sexual partners, the greater the risk of AIDS infection. STD patients are vulnerable to HIV infection when having sex with HIV infected people.
Sexual contact transmission is the main mode of HIV infection. Whether gay or heterosexuality, HIV transmission can occur. Worldwide, most HIV is transmitted through heterosexual contact transmission. Among adults. HIV is shown in the table:
Spread ratio
71% of heterosexual transmission
Homosexual transmission 15%
7% of intravenous drug users
Bloodborne transmission 5%
2% of other unknown reasons
In North America and Europe, sexual contact between male homosexuals - anal sex - is the main mode of transmission of this disease. Gay and bisexual men constitute the main group of HIV infections. In the early 1980s, AIDS patients found in the United States were mainly gay men. Anal sexual intercourse between male homosexuals is easy to lead to anal and rectal mucosal trauma, which opens up a channel for HIV to enter the blood, making it contain a large amount of HIV pre ejaculation semen and male secretion enter the blood circulation through the damaged mucosa. In addition, male homosexuals often exchange sexual partners, and some homosexuals have dozens or hundreds of sexual partners, which increases the chance of HIV infection. In Africa, Latin America and Southeast Asia, the vast majority of AIDS infection is through heterosexual contact and vaginal intercourse. The incidence rate of AIDS is 1:1 for men and women. There are two ways for heterosexual transmission of HIV: male → female or female → male. Compared to these two methods, the risk of male to female transmission is higher. → Male transmission. Semen and cervical secretions can carry HIV, and from an anatomical perspective, secretions can remain in the female body rather than the male body. Therefore, the exchange of semen and cervical secretions is transmitted in the male body → more effective in females. In some African countries, the custom of the wife being inherited by the husband's brother after the husband's death is aimed at preventing the loss of family property. However, this inheritance in AIDS endemic Africa inherited a fatal dowry, that is, AIDS virus. HIV positive wives can transmit the virus to their husbands' brothers, so in Africa, male to female and female to male are important routes of transmission. Prostitution and whoring play an important role in the spread of AIDS. The clients carrying HIV transmit the virus to prostitutes, who then transmit it to other clients. If there is a sexually transmitted disease, the chances of spreading HIV can be greatly increased. Genital erosion and ulcers open up channels for the virus to enter the bloodstream, making the side with the genital ulcer more susceptible to HIV infection. In Southeast Asia, the proliferation of prostitution has led to the rapid spread of HIV infection since 1990. The HIV infection rate is increasing at an alarming rate.
