Post Date August, 27 2023
In recent years, the AIDS epidemic in China has shown new characteristics, with more than 90% of AIDS cases being transmitted through sex, showing a rapid upward trend. According to authoritative data, from January to October 2015, there were 97000 new cases of HIV infection in China, including 14200 young people aged 15-24. AIDS has quietly entered the university campus, and the newly discovered cases of HIV infection among young people have tripled in five years.
How AIDS came into being
Two glycoproteins, gp120 and gp41, are embedded in the lipoproteins membrane of the outer layer of HIV body. Therefore, HIV can selectively invade CD4+lymphocytes after reaching the bloodstream through damaged skin and mucous membranes or through other channels such as blood.
After HIV invades CD4+lymphocytes, under the action of viral reverse transcriptase, DNA is synthesized and integrated into the host cell's chromosomes. The integrated viral DNA can replicate within the cell, forming a complete viral body that is released outside the cell, causing cell death and infecting new cells
At the initial stage of infection, HIV replicates in large numbers, resulting in Viremia and the expression of the capsid antigen p24. The clinical manifestation is an acute HIV infection symptom. Due to the extensive intracellular replication of HIV, CD4+lymphocytes are damaged and die, resulting in a significant decrease in CD4+T cells. However, under the body's immune function, CD8+CTL is activated, killing HIV infected cells, producing anti HIV antibodies, Viremia is quickly cleared, and the number of CD4+lymphocytes recovers.
How many Pathogen transmission of AIDS
HIV exists in the blood, semen, Vaginal discharge, tears, urine, milk, and cerebrospinal fluid of infected people. AIDS patients and HIV carriers are infectious, mainly through sexual contact, followed by blood transmission, such as drug users, HIV infected blood or blood products, HIV infected blood and mucus.
1. Sexual transmission: AIDS virus can be transmitted through sexual intercourse. Genital venereal diseases (such as syphilis, gonorrhea, Genital wart) or ulcers will increase the risk of virus infection. There are a large number of viruses in semen or Vaginal discharge of HIV infected people, which can be transmitted through anal and vaginal sexual intercourse. The probability of oral sex transmission is relatively small. Unless the healthy party has a wound in the mouth or a broken place, AIDS virus may be transmitted through blood or semen.
