Post Date May, 12 2023
AIDS, also known as acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, is mainly transmitted through humoral communication. AIDS cannot be eradicated now. For parents who want to prepare for pregnancy, if there is AIDS on the one hand, the possibility of transmission between spouses is very high. Finally, the fetus infected with AIDS must be paid attention to. AIDS, also known as acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), is an infectious disease caused by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, which is mainly transmitted through sexual behavior, blood contact or mother to child contact transmission. After HIV infection, the immune function of the human body is suppressed, which can easily cause viral infection and tumors. After the human body is infected with HIV, it can cause damage to T lymphocytes, leading to persistent immune deficiency, opportunistic infections in multiple organs, rare malignant tumors, and ultimately death.
Interpretation of AIDS Occurrence Process
Two glycoproteins, gp120 and gp41, are embedded in the outer layer lipoprotein membrane of HIV. gp120 is hydrophilic to CD4 glycoprotein on the surface of lymphocytes, and gp41, which can specifically bind with gp120, mediates the fusion of virus membrane and host cell membrane fusion. Therefore, HIV can selectively invade CD4+lymphocytes after reaching the bloodstream through areas of skin mucosal damage and other methods such as blood.
After HIV invades CD4+lymphocytes, under the action of viral reverse transcriptase, DNA is synthesized and integrated into the host cell's chromosomes. The integrated viral DNA can replicate within the cell, forming a complete viral body that is released outside the cell, causing cell death and infecting new cells
In the early stages of the epidemic, a large number of HIV replicates, causing viremia, and the expression of coat antigen p24, with clinical manifestations of acute HIV infection. A large amount of replication within HIV cells leads to damage and death of CD4+lymphocytes, and a significant decrease in CD4+T cells. However, under the immune function of the body, CD8+CTL is activated, killing HIV infected cells and producing anti HIV antibodies. Viremia is quickly cleared, and the CD4+lymphocyte count is restored.
However, HIV has not been completely killed and enters a persistent latent infection state. HIV is in low-level replication and clinically presents as asymptomatic HIV infection. As HIV continues to replicate and spread, CD4+lymphocytes continue to die. This cycle will eventually lead to depletion of CD4+lymphocytes, serious damage to immune function, and infection and tumor of various conditional pathogens. The clinical manifestation is AIDS, which eventually leads to death.
Follow ABC principles and stay away from AIDS
