Post Date July, 11 2023
Ovarian cyst is a common gynecological disease that also has many symptoms after illness. It can be divided into physiological ovarian cysts and pathological ovarian cysts, and more attention should be paid to pathological aspects.
Ovarian cyst type
1. Physiological ovarian cysts: Physiological cysts disappear spontaneously with periodic changes in the ovaries. Normally, the ovaries are solid tissue, but in a few cases, filter cysts and corpus luteum cysts grow too fast, and ovarian tissue is associated with rupture and bleeding. This blood is enveloped by the ovaries due to its lack of outlet, forming a hematoma. However, whether it is a cyst or hematoma, it can gradually shrink and disappear within a few months.
2. Pathological ovarian cysts: Ovarian cysts that do not shrink or instead increase (with a diameter exceeding 6 centimeters) during follow-up, as well as cysts that appear in pre adolescent girls and postmenopausal women, are suspected to be ovarian tumors and require further auxiliary examination, surgical diagnosis, and treatment. Ovarian tumors often cause symptoms such as dysmenorrhea, menstrual disorders, painful sexual intercourse, and even infertility.
Symptoms of ovarian cysts
1. Lower abdominal discomfort: refers to the initial symptom of the patient before touching the lower abdominal mass. Due to the weight of the tumor itself, as well as the influence of intestinal peristalsis and positional changes, the cyst moves within the pelvic cavity, pulling its pedicle and pelvic infundibulum ligament, causing patients to feel bloated and sagging in the lower abdomen or iliac fossa.
2. Irregular menstruation: Most ovarian cysts do not have obvious early symptoms, and in clinical practice, they are often characterized by lower abdominal pain and discomfort, increased vaginal discharge, yellowing, and unpleasant odors. In addition, patients may experience irregular menstrual cycles and increased menstrual volume.
3. Abdominal mass: The most common phenomenon in patients with ovarian cysts. The patient found that their clothes and belt were tight and noticed that their abdomen had become larger. In the morning, they accidentally felt that there was a lump in their abdomen when they pressed it down, which caused discomfort and swelling. The patient has a solid and painless lump in their lower abdomen, which, if there are no complications or malignancies, is characterized by mobility and can often move from the pelvic cavity to the abdominal cavity, sometimes causing pain during sexual intercourse. When nausea or inflammation occurs, the activity of the tumor is limited.
4. Compression symptoms: As the condition progresses, ovarian cysts can cause compression symptoms. Giant ovarian cysts compress the mediastinum and cause breathing difficulties and palpitations, which can also be caused by ovarian cysts with a large amount of ascites. However, in patients with ovarian tumors, breathing difficulties are caused by pleural effusion on one or both sides, often accompanied by ascites. A huge benign ovarian cyst fills the entire abdominal cavity, increasing intra-abdominal pressure, affecting lower limb venous reflux, and can lead to edema of the abdominal wall and bilateral lower limbs; Malignant ovarian cysts fixed in the pelvic cavity often compress the iliac vein and cause edema in one lower limb. The pelvic and abdominal organs are pressed, and dysuria, urinary retention, urgent defecation, or obstructed defecation occur.
