Does endometrial polyp cause pain? The five major characteristics are disease precursors

The uterus is an important organ of women, and abnormal conditions can also occur in daily life. Endometrial polyps are a gynecological disease that we should pay attention to, especially for its manifestations.

Symptoms of endometrial polyps

1. Infertility: About 50% of patients are accompanied by infertility due to factors such as pelvic lumps.

2. Dysmenorrhea: The clinical feature is progressive dysmenorrhea, which is mostly secondary. Some dysmenorrhea is severe and unbearable, requiring bed rest or medication to relieve pain. The pain often worsens with the menstrual cycle and disappears after the end of the menstrual cycle.

3. Periodic rectal irritation symptoms: swelling, pain, urgency, and increased frequency of bowel movements in the rectum, anus, and external genitalia.

4. Irregular menstruation: Frequent occurrences of shortened menstrual cycles, increased menstrual volume, and prolonged menstruation indicate ovarian dysfunction in patients

5. Sexual intercourse pain: sexual intercourse pain can occur when there are ectopic endometrial nodules in the vaginal vault, depressed rectal nodules or adhesions, or ovarian adhesions in the pelvic floor.

Endometrial polyp examination

1. Hysterosalpingography: filling defect is visible.

2. Ultrasound examination: There are substantial strong echogenic light masses or filling defects, and the uterine cavity morphology is abnormal, with irregular endometrial lines.

3. Hysteroscopy examination: Gray red, fleshy endometrial mass protruding from the uterine cavity, with different pedicle lengths and thicknesses, and a diameter of mostly 0.5-2cm. Endometrial polyps can fill the uterine cavity in most people, and a lump can be seen or touched at the cervical opening.

4. Endometrial biopsy: The endometrium is immature and undergoes changes during the proliferative phase. The polyp tissue mass completely surrounds the epithelium without any secretion. Sometimes it includes adenomatous cystic hyperplasia, disordered arrangement, different sizes, and adenomatous changes.

Causes of endometrial polyps

1. Inflammatory factors: Women with long-term gynecological inflammation are prone to uterine polyps, and long-term inflammatory stimulation can cause the polyps to become larger and larger.

2. Endocrine disorders: Endometrial polyps are associated with high levels of estrogen, which promotes the development of the vagina, uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries themselves, while endometrial hyperplasia produces menstruation. The endometrium is only stimulated by estrogen and lacks the action of progesterone, leading to unrestricted growth of the endometrium and the production of polyps.

3. Pathogen infection: childbirth, miscarriage, postpartum infection, surgical procedures or mechanical stimulation, cervical injury during sexual intercourse, and pathogen invasion infection. Therefore, women with gynecological inflammation must actively undergo examination and treatment to avoid further complications.